LIGHT Program for Justice-Involved Adults

A Culturally-Grounded Pathway for Faster Assessment and Recovery in a Justice-Involved Community

Selma, Alabama (Dallas County) | Rise and Recover
Alabama Rural Pop. 16k Launched 2025
The Edmund Pettus Bridge over the Alabama River in Selma, seen from a riverside overlook with benches along a railed walkway.
Lead Agency
Rise and Recover (formerly Dallas County Court Services)
Location
Selma, Dallas County, Alabama (~15,556 pop.)
Year Launched
2025 (award notified November 2025; funds received April 2026)
Opioid Settlement
~$150,000 (100% of LIGHT Program; 2025–2026 award via Alabama Dept. of Mental Health)
People Served
Goal of 350 per year through LIGHT; Rise and Recover overall serves ~250+ per year
Service Type
Peer Support, Care Navigation, Reentry Support, Drug Court, Diversion/Deflection
72 hrs
Target Assessment Turnaround
down from 6+ weeks
350
People to Be Served by LIGHT in Year 1
first-year program goal
100%
Opioid Settlement Funded
$150K, 2025–2026

Rise and Recover, a Selma-based nonprofit serving justice-involved people and their families for more than a decade, built the LIGHT Program in 2025 to cut the wait between arrest and substance use assessment from six weeks down to 72 hours, pair every participant with a certified peer advocate, and deliver culturally-grounded recovery support to nonviolent justice-involved adults in a community where 90 percent of arrests are of African American residents.


The Challenge They Were Addressing

For more than a decade, Rise and Recover, formerly Dallas County Court Services, has served justice-involved residents of Selma and Dallas County through treatment courts and one-stop referral support. Even with that infrastructure in place, one gap kept showing up: the wait between arrest and substance use assessment. People sat in jail for six weeks or more before they could be assessed, and by then the window for an early, voluntary off-ramp into treatment had closed.

A second gap was structural. Rise and Recover had built its model around court-referred clients and grant-funded slots, meaning that residents who were not justice-involved or who needed help before a court case opened often had nowhere local to start. Families would call asking how to get a loved one assessed, and staff did the work informally, without dedicated funding. The agency wanted to formalize that pathway and extend it to more people.

The 2023 tornado, which damaged more than 80 percent of the community, sharpened the urgency. The local jail was destroyed and has not been rebuilt. People who would have been held in Selma are now housed in a facility roughly 30 minutes away, which adds transportation, workforce, and timing pressure to every assessment, treatment appointment, and mental health visit. The community needed an approach that could move people from incarceration to assessment to recovery services quickly, with a peer beside them and a culturally-grounded curriculum tailored to the population most affected: African American residents, who make up more than 80 percent of the community and more than 90 percent of arrests.


What They Built

The LIGHT Program is a peer-led recovery support pathway serving up to 350 nonviolent justice-involved adults per year. A full-time LIGHT advocate, a certified peer hired in early 2026, manages the intake-to-services pipeline. Referrals flow primarily from the court, with additional referrals from the jail, family members, and individuals who walk into the office on their own.

When a referral comes in, the team begins with a screening tool: UNCOPE for adults, CRAFFT for youth. Based on the screen, the participant is routed to a substance use assessment scheduled within 72 hours, far ahead of the six-week timeline the community had grown used to. The team coordinates Wi-Fi access, helps download Zoom or Teams when needed, and walks participants through every step of the intake. A risk assessment and needs assessment follow, along with the initial drug screen, which together determine eligibility and shape the participant's case plan.

Recovery support is layered on individual priorities. A participant might tell the team that food, not housing, is the most urgent issue. The team then connects the person to SNAP, an emergency food source, or a community partner before moving to longer-term services. Participants with inpatient treatment needs are referred outside the county, because Selma has no inpatient facility; Aletheia House provides the primary outpatient and longer-term recovery pathway in the area. Mental health assessments are scheduled with Cahaba Mental Health, the local provider, and the sheriff's office transports incarcerated participants to and from those appointments, even though the jail itself is now 30 minutes away.

A central piece of the LIGHT design is the HEAT curriculum (Habilitation, Empowerment, Accountability, Therapy), an evidence-based program designed for emerging adults and adults at the intersection of justice involvement and substance use. HEAT sessions, including "The High Cost of Low Living," walk participants through the financial toll of repeated DUIs, court costs, attorney fees, and lost wages alongside the personal toll. The team chose HEAT specifically because of its design for younger African American adults, a fit with the local population that other curricula did not match as well. Rise and Recover layers in journals from The Change Companies as supplemental tools when needed.

Key Program Components

72-hour assessment pathway
Substance use assessments are completed within three business days of referral, down from a community baseline of six weeks or more, which protects the window for voluntary entry into treatment before bond, trial, or competing crises close it. Assessments are conducted by Summerlane Counseling, a local licensed professional counseling (LPC) organization with certified substance use professionals qualified to complete ASAM screenings.
Full-time LIGHT advocate, certified peer
A certified peer advocate handles intake, screening, and case coordination, signaling to participants that the program is run by someone who understands their experience firsthand.
UNCOPE and CRAFFT screening
Standardized screening tools (UNCOPE for adults, CRAFFT for youth) determine whether a participant needs a full assessment or education-level intervention, and route them accordingly.
Risk and needs assessment plus drug screen
A risk assessment, a needs assessment, and an initial drug screen are completed at intake to determine eligibility and shape a participant-driven case plan.
HEAT curriculum
The Habilitation Empowerment Accountability Therapy curriculum is delivered to nonviolent justice-involved adults; sessions such as "The High Cost of Low Living" translate substance use consequences into concrete financial and life costs.
Treatment and reentry coordination
Staff coordinates inpatient referrals to Aletheia House and other regional providers, outpatient services, step-down sober living, and the sheriff's transports to mental health appointments at Cahaba Mental Health.
Wraparound supports
Birth certificates, social security cards, identification, transportation, housing referrals, food access, and personal hygiene items are handled in real time, so a participant is not blocked from services by missing documents or unmet basic needs.
Readiness assessment (in development)
The team is building a stage-of-change readiness tool with local counselors so the LIGHT pathway can match intensity to a participant's readiness rather than to the timing of their arrest.

Who You Need at the Table

Required Partners
Role
Rise and Recover (Lead Agency)
Operates the LIGHT Program, employs the LIGHT advocate, manages screening and assessment, delivers the HEAT curriculum, and coordinates wraparound services and reentry support.
Local courts and judges
Refer participants from the docket, allow nonviolent participants to enter treatment instead of continued incarceration, and consider completed treatment when shaping outcomes.
District Attorney's Office
Coordinates monthly with Rise and Recover on potential clients and supports release-to-treatment recommendations in court so the defense and prosecution can argue from the same page.
Defense Attorneys
Identify clients who would benefit from the LIGHT pathway and advocate in court for treatment-based dispositions.
Dallas County Sheriff's Office
Operates the jail function (currently housed in another county after the 2023 tornado), notifies the team of new bookings, and transports participants 30 minutes each way to mental health and treatment appointments.
Selma Police Department
Refers individuals at the point of arrest and supports release-to-treatment pathways for nonviolent cases.
Aletheia House
Primary outpatient substance use provider for the LIGHT pathway; offers step-down sober living tied to treatment completion.
Cahaba Mental Health
Local mental health provider conducts mental health assessments and ongoing care for participants with co-occurring needs.
Alabama Department of Mental Health
Funder for the LIGHT Program through opioid settlement dollars; the state agency also identified Rise and Recover as a candidate program and encouraged the application.
Helpful Partners
Role
City of Selma and Dallas County Commission
Administer larger Rise and Recover grants and support the agency's public-facing role in the community.
Annual Recovery and Justice Conference
Convenes regional partners and state agency staff; the conference is where the connection to opioid settlement funding originally surfaced.

What made a willing partner essential vs. optional?

The required partners are the ones who can keep a participant moving when timing matters. The District Attorney is one of the clearest examples: when prosecution, defense, and the bench are aligned in advance of a hearing, the judge can confidently weigh public safety against a treatment-based disposition. When those conversations happen on the record without prior coordination, the program loses the speed and predictability that make a 72-hour pathway possible. The sheriff's office plays a similarly essential role, particularly after the 2023 tornado: transporting participants 30 minutes each way to mental health and treatment appointments requires real buy-in on staff time, fuel, and vehicle wear, and the agency has continued that commitment even as the jail function moved out of the county.

Treatment partners are the second piece. Aletheia House and Cahaba Mental Health give the LIGHT pathway a place to land. Without an outpatient provider willing to accept referrals promptly and a mental health provider willing to schedule assessments without long delays, the 72-hour goal becomes a 72-hour promise that no one can keep. Helpful partners, including local government and the regional conference circuit, expand visibility and create the conditions for future funding, but the program could open its doors without them. It could not open without the courts, the sheriff, and the treatment providers.


"If you have people that are aligned with you and feeling that way, and you find other funding opportunities that allow you to meet those immediate needs, that is what allows them to believe in it."
Miah Tolbert, Executive Director, Rise and Recover

Budget Breakdown

~$150K
Total LIGHT Program Budget
2025–2026 award period
100%
Opioid Settlement Funded
first-time opioid settlement award
1
Full-Time LIGHT Advocate
the majority of the budget (certified peer, salary + benefits)
Primary Funding Source
Alabama Department of Mental Health (opioid settlement allocation)
Additional Funding
Rise and Recover blends additional grants for the broader agency; the LIGHT Program itself is 100% opioid-settlement-funded.
Budget Category
Amount
Notes
Personnel/Staffing
The majority of the budget
Full-time LIGHT advocate (certified peer, salary + benefits); program administration time from the Executive Director and existing Rise and Recover staff supports the model.
Treatment/Clinical Services
Coordinated through partners
Aletheia House and other regional providers deliver outpatient treatment; inpatient referrals are made to facilities outside the county. Clinical services are not paid directly from this grant.
Peer Support/Recovery Coaches
Included in personnel
The LIGHT advocate is the program's peer line item; additional peers supporting the broader agency are funded from other sources.
Technology/Data Systems
Minimal
Existing agency systems are used; participants are assisted with downloading Zoom and Teams on their personal devices, and Wi-Fi access is arranged when needed.
Equipment/One-time Purchases
Small allocation
Print and intake materials for the HEAT curriculum, screening tools, and program collateral.
Drug Screening
Not budgeted in this award
Drug screens are conducted as a clinical step at intake, but were not included as a separate budget line in the first-year application; future funding cycles may add a dedicated line.
Contracts
Limited
Referral pathways with Aletheia House and Cahaba Mental Health operate as standing community partnerships rather than direct grant subcontracts.
Admin/Indirect
Standard agency rate
Rise and Recover applies its standard indirect rate; the Dallas County Commission administers larger grants, while smaller awards (under $150,000) are managed in-house.

What is the minimum viable budget to replicate this?

A program running this model on a smaller scale can operate at roughly $75,000 to $100,000 per year if housed within an existing agency with court relationships already in place. The non-negotiable line item is one full-time peer advocate with the credentials to screen, assess intake-level need, and coordinate treatment referrals. Existing agency staff can absorb administration, supervision, and case coordination. Curriculum costs are modest, and treatment services flow through community providers under their own reimbursement structures. The model becomes financially harder to replicate without that anchor peer position, because the speed of the 72-hour assessment depends on a single person owning the pipeline.


What Worked and Why

Specific decisions or design features that drove success

Compressing the assessment timeline from six weeks to 72 hours was the single most consequential design decision. By securing a partner who could turn assessments around in three business days, Rise and Recover reshaped the entire downstream pathway. People stop losing the window for voluntary treatment. Cases stop stalling due to a lack of clinical information. Courts can act more quickly, and participants spend less time incarcerated waiting for paperwork.

Hiring a certified peer as the LIGHT advocate was a deliberate cultural decision. The team never treated it as a routine administrative hire. Selma's justice-involved population is overwhelmingly African American, and the LIGHT advocate shares that lived experience as well as the experience of recovery. Participants disclose more in the first meeting because the person across from them is not asking from outside their world. Building a program around that role, rather than treating it as a hire-of-convenience, is what gives the front door its credibility.

Selecting the HEAT curriculum was a population-specific choice rather than a reach for a generic best-practice model. The curriculum was designed for emerging adults and adults with substance use and justice involvement, with specific attention to younger African American participants. Sessions like "The High Cost of Low Living" translate the cost of substance use into concrete dollars: attorney fees, court costs, jail days, missed work. That framing connects in a community where the financial consequences of repeated involvement are immediate and visible.

Building on a 15-year operational base shortened every ramp. Rise and Recover already had court credibility, treatment partners, a one-stop referral practice, and an Executive Director with 19 years of field experience. The opioid settlement award did not have to fund relationship-building, advocacy training, or the design of court protocols. It funded the missing piece: a dedicated peer advocate to accelerate the pipeline.

Designing the program to extend beyond the court docket changed who could be served. The agency had been informally helping non-justice-involved community members for years, without funding. The LIGHT Program formalized that pathway. A parent calling about a teenager who smells of marijuana at school, an adult with a co-occurring diagnosis but no open case, or a family member trying to get a loved one assessed can now enter the LIGHT pipeline through the same front door.


"I see less and less of the individuals coming through the program being the revolving door I had seen before. When I was arresting them, it was a revolving door. They proved me wrong."
Dallas County Sheriff, on the LIGHT Program's impact

Early outcomes and data

  • Assessment turnaround compressed from six weeks or more to a 72-hour target, in place from the program's first month of operation in April 2026.

  • First-year goal of serving 350 people through the LIGHT pathway; Rise and Recover overall continues to serve approximately 250+ people per year through related programming.

  • Full-time LIGHT advocate hired (certified peer); peer staffing model in place from launch.

  • HEAT curriculum operational with culturally-grounded session content (including "The High Cost of Low Living").

  • Sheriff's office continues to provide cross-county transport (approximately 30 minutes each way) to mental health and treatment appointments after the 2023 tornado destroyed the local jail.

  • Readiness assessment in development with local counselors to better match service intensity to a participant's stage of change.

  • Annual outcome metrics planned: participants screened, participants completing assessment within 72 hours, participants connected to treatment, participants connected to housing or employment, court dispositions including treatment, and qualitative success stories tracked alongside quantitative service counts.


Replication Guide
How to Replicate This Model
Minimum viable version
A county with a limited budget can run a scaled version of the LIGHT Program by anchoring it to one full-time peer advocate, an existing agency with court relationships, and a willing assessment partner who can commit to a defined turnaround time (the 72-hour target is the standard to aim for). The peer advocate carries screening, intake coordination, and referral hand-offs. A short list of two or three treatment partners and one mental health provider is enough to start. The curriculum can be HEAT, a Change Companies journal, or another evidence-based model selected to fit the local population.
First three steps
1
Build the relationships before you write the application Sit with law enforcement, the District Attorney's office, the defense bar, the bench, and the local treatment and mental health providers, and walk them through what you intend to do and why. The case for a faster assessment pathway is easier to make when each partner already knows the program name and the person who will run it.
2
Hire the right peer advocate, not just any peer The single most important hiring decision is the advocate at the front of the pipeline. Look for lived experience, certification, or a pathway to it, alignment with the agency's values, and the capacity to advocate in court and clinical settings without losing participants' trust. The wrong hire here can set the program back, regardless of how good the design is.
3
Apply for everything that fits, and braid funding from day one Opioid settlement dollars cover the LIGHT advocate and the assessment pipeline. Housing, food, transportation, identification documents, and personal hygiene items are often sourced from other awards or philanthropic sources. Map out which funding streams cover which needs before participants start arriving, so the team can meet a request the same day rather than referring it out and losing the moment.
Common Pitfalls
Standing up the pipeline before the partners are aligned Launching a 72-hour assessment promise without prior buy-in from the prosecutor, the defense bar, the bench, and the assessment provider sets the program up to break its own commitments in the first month.
Hiring for the position, not the person The peer advocate is the product. A misaligned hire, even with the right credentials on paper, can stall referrals, undermine participant trust, and slow the program's reputation in the community.
Skipping the basic-needs layer Sending a participant out the door without a meal, a shower, identification, or transportation often ends the engagement before treatment begins. Build a same-day pathway for food, hygiene, and documents.
Treating the program as court-only Limiting eligibility to court-referred clients misses a wide population of family-initiated and self-referred residents who could benefit. Design the front door to be open to both.
Treating the curriculum as one-size-fits-all A generic substance use curriculum can land flat in a community with a distinct cultural and demographic profile. Choose a curriculum, like HEAT, that was designed for the population being served.

Lessons Learned

  • Expect a five- to six-month gap between award notice and first dollar. Rise and Recover was notified of the award in November 2025 and received funds in April 2026. Contracting, documentation, and signatures consumed the months in between. A realistic first-year plan accounts for that gap by delaying hiring announcements, planning interim staffing coverage, and timing community outreach so the program is ready to receive referrals the week funds arrive.

  • Apply early and apply broadly. The opioid settlement opportunity surfaced through a state agency conversation at a community conference. Programs that build a habit of applying to every relevant funding stream, even smaller philanthropic and state opportunities, position themselves to braid resources around participant needs that no single award would cover on its own.

  • Treat the basic-needs front door as a core service. A participant who arrives without having eaten that day cannot fully engage in a two-hour intake. The team built same-day responses for food, hygiene, identification, and transportation into the LIGHT pathway because skipping that layer means losing people before treatment ever begins. People over paperwork is the operating rule.

  • Invest early in a readiness-to-change framework. Arrest is rarely the precise moment a person is ready to change. The team is building a readiness assessment with local counselors so the LIGHT pathway can match intensity to a participant's actual stage of change, rather than assuming the criminal justice event is the right inflection point.

  • Plant the program in the community through champions, not flyers. Sheriff endorsement, court endorsement, and visible community recognition do more for participation than any marketing piece. Investing in community speakers, conference presence, and graduate testimonials builds a referral pipeline that survives staff turnover and budget cycles.


Primary Contact
Miah Tolbert
Executive Director, Rise and Recover
Previous
Previous

First Responder Confidential Support Program

Next
Next

AIM Team: After-Hours Peer Response